SAPIENTIA ET VIRTUS

Urgensi Pembentukan Undang-Undang Restorative Justice dalam Rangka Reformasi Keadilan dan Kepastian Hukum di Indonesia

Muhammad Alvin Nashir, Nabila Maharani, Aisyah Zafira — Sun, 31 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Abstrak

Keadilan restoratif merupakan proses penyelesaian perkara pidana dengan menggunakan pendekatan keadilan dan kesempatan memperoleh pemulihan kepada korban akibat perbuatan pidana yang dilakukan oleh pelaku. Sering kali, sistem peradilan pidana mengesampingkan hak-hak korban yang menderita dan dirugikan. Oleh sebab itu, hadirlah konsep baru sebagai teori kritis akan filosofis pemidanaan yang dikenal dengan restorative justice. Penelitian ini mempergunakan jenis penelitian hukum atas dasar pendekatan penelitian yuridis-normatif dimana diperoleh dengan studi kepustakaan. Di Indonesia, keadilan berbasis restoratif bermula dari sistem peradilan pidana anak yang dimanifestasikan dalam konsep diversi. Namun, peradilan pidana umum belum memuat pelaksanaan dari paham baru pemidanaan tersebut. Meskipun telah ditemukan pelbagai peraturan yang merujuk pada realisasi keadilan restoratif. Justru memicu kendala-kendala dalam proses penegakan hukum pidana yang kian memuncak. Peraturan tersebut juga tidak memberikan implikasi yang signifikan guna memperlancar proses legalitas dengan membentuk undang-undang mengenai restorative justice. Dimana bertujuan untuk membentuk legitimasi hukum bagi masyarakat luas dalam mereformasi sistem peradilan pidana yang tidak relevan di jaman sekarang. Oleh sebab itu, diperlukan urgensi perumusan undang-undang induk sebagai payung hukum pelaksanaan restorative justice secara konkrit dengan mengedepankan keadilan dan kepastian hukum.

Kata Kunci: Keadilan restoratif, Urgensi, Keadilan dan Kepastian Hukum.

Abstract

Restorative justice is the process of solving criminal cases using a justice approach and the opportunity to obtain recovery for victims due to criminal acts committed by perpetrators. Many times, the criminal justice system overrides the rights of both suffering and aggrieved victims. Therefore, there is a new concept as a critical theory of the philosophy of punishment known as restorative justice. This research uses a type of legal research on the basis of a juridical-normative research approach which is obtained by literature study. In Indonesia, restorative-based justice starts from the juvenile criminal justice system which is manifested in the concept of diversion. However, the general criminal court has not yet contained the implementation of the new definition of punishment. Although various regulations have been found that refer to the realisation of restorative justice. It actually triggers obstacles in the criminal law enforcement process that are increasingly mounting. The regulation also does not have significant implications to expedite the legality process by forming a law on restorative justice. Where it aims to form legal legitimacy for the wider community in reforming the criminal justice system that is irrelevant today. Therefore, the urgency of formulating the master law as a legal umbrella for the implementation of restorative justice is needed concretely by prioritising justice and legal certainty.

Keyword: Restorative Justice, Urgency, Justice and Legal Certainty.

Kepastian Hukum Bagi Investor Fintech P2P Lending Dalam Kepailitan Bisnis Menggunakan Pendekatan Business Ready

Yohanes B. Cahayamisjuan — Sun, 31 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This writing discusses the influence of legal certainty in the Bankruptcy and Delayed Debt Payment Obligation (PKPU) Law on investor interest in the Fintech Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Lending sector, using the legal certainty theory by Lon Fuller. A potential solution in the form of the B-Ready approach is also proposed to enhance legal certainty for investors through the revision of the Bankruptcy and PKPU Laws. This approach is normatively analyzed through statutory and conceptual approaches. Research findings indicate that the current Bankruptcy and PKPU Laws do not fulfill Fuller's eight elements of legal certainty, particularly regarding the prohibition of conflicting regulations and the alignment of rules with their practical application. This could potentially detrimentally affect investor interest in the Fintech P2P Lending sector due to legal uncertainty jeopardizing their investments. The B-Ready approach emerges as a potential solution by identifying seven aspects in the Draft Bankruptcy and PKPU Laws that can facilitate business ease for investors when facing business bankruptcy. Overall, a review of the Bankruptcy and PKPU Laws is crucial to establish a clearer and advantageous legal environment for investors in the Fintech P2P Lending sector. The B-Ready approach holds potential as a foundation for revising regulations, ensuring the necessary legal certainty for investors.

Marriage Between Religions Based on Human Rights Perspectives

Nerisma Eka Putri, Khaidir Ali Junid, Muhammad Azkia Fahmi — Sun, 31 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The controversy over religious marriages is still a matter of legitimate recognition by the state. The provisions of this regulation have not been explicitly regulated in the Act No. 16 of 2019 on the Amendment of the Regulation of the Law No. 1 of 1974. So researchers are interested to know the establishment of marriages of different religions based on the human rights perspective in the decision of the Supreme Court No. 1400K/Pdt/1986. This research is analytically descriptive, with an empirical jurisprudential approach and using the type of library research, to describe in depth about the topic of marriage from a different religious perspective through the understanding of concepts, understanding marriage rules, analyzing and concluding the results of research. So it is concluded that this problem does not have a point of legal clarity and creates a legal vacuum, so that this practice does not get a place in the eyes of the law. This practice of marriage is considered difficult to implement, so not a few people submit to the trust of their partners to carry out the marriage. According to the International DUHAM instrument, marriages of different religions are deemed to violate the right of every human being to enter into marriage. So the practice of marriage of different religions in the country of Indonesia is established on the basis of the decision of the Supreme Court No. 1400K/Pdt/1986. It's supposed to have got the attention of the government by issuing a new legal regulation

Perlindungan Masyarakat Hukum Adat dalam Bentuk Pengakuan Masyarakat Adat

Nicholas Ardy Wibisana, Bernadeth Gisela Lema Udjan, Solfian Solfian — Sun, 31 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Indonesia merupakan negara plural, ditandai dengan keberadaan berbagai komunitas adat yang tersebar di seluruh Nusantara. Keberagaman inilah yang mewajibkan Negara untuk selalu mengakui dan melindungi hak-hak konstitusional masyarakat adat sebagai salah satu subjek hukum di Indonesia. Hal ini tampak dalam Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Pasal 18B ayat (2) dan beberapa peraturan perundang-undangan lainnya. Namun terdapat salah satu masyarakat adat bernama Sendi yang masih belum mendapatkan hak dan pengakuan sebagai masyarakat adat. Mendasarkan pada permasalahan tersebut, dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaturan hukum tentang pengakuan masyarakat adat dan mengetahui argumentasi pemerintah setempat terkait dengan bentuk pengakuan masyarakat adat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum dengan pendekatan ilmu sosial yang bersifat empiris. Oleh sebab itu, metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh data bahwa masyarakat eks desa Sendi telah melakukan berbagai upaya untuk mendapatkan bentuk pengakuan sebagai masyarakat adat. Namun, permohonan pengakuan yang telah masyarakat eks desa Sendi ajukan belum mendapatkan tanggapan dari pemerintah. Sehingga sampai dengan saat ini masyarakat masih belum mendapatkan bentuk pengakuan sebagai masyarakat adat. Analisis kritis yang terdapat dalam penelitian ini menawarkan suatu pertimbangan kepada pemerintah berupa alternatif produk hukum yang lebih memperhatikan unsur kesejarahan dan asal usul dalam mengidentifikasi sekaligus menentukan kelompok masyarakat hukum adat.

Perlindungan Hukum Indonesia Bagi Pemegang Hak Atas Pencantuman Merek Terkenal Pada Parfum Lokal

Stefani Adelia Widyani, Febri Noor Hediati — Mon, 01 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

A form of preventive protection against the inclusion of well-known perfume brands on local perfumes is the existence of regulations in the form of provisions in Articles in Law Number 20 of 2016 concerning Brands and Geographical Indications. Apart from that, the regulations include registration and licensing which also includes forms of preventive protection. A form of repressive protection for the owner of a famous perfume is in the form of a claim for compensation or termination of all actions related to the use of the brand or based on criminal prosecution through law enforcement officials. Owners of well-known foreign perfume brands are required to register their brands in Indonesia using the International Registration method according toMadrid Protocol as previously explained. After that, we will enter into a licensing agreement with a local perfume owner who wants to list a famous perfume brand in Indonesia.